Quality of psychomotility recovery after propofol sedation for painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect of propofol used for painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy on psychomotility recovery.@*METHODS@#One hundred adult patients undergoing painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy were recruited, aged 18-72 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status Ⅰ-Ⅱ. According to age, the patients were divided into youth group (20-39 years old, 27 cases), middle age group (40-54 years old, 37 cases), and elder group (55-64 years old, 36 cases). Propofol was continuously infused according to the patients' condition to mantain the bispectal index (BIS) score 55-64. All the patients received psychomotility assesment 30 min before the operations when the discharge criteria were met including number cancellation test, number connection test and board test. The heart rate, blood pressure, saturation of pulse oximetry, electrocardiograph and BIS were monitored during the operation. The operating time, recovery time, total volume of propofol and discharge time were recorded. If the results obtained were inferior to those before operation, a third assessment was taken 30 minutes later until the results recovered or being superior to the baseline levels.@*RESULTS@#All the patients completed the first and second assessments, and 25 patients had taken the third assessment. There was no statistically significant difference in the results of psychomotility assessment when the patients met the discharge standard. Furthermore, the results were analyzed by grouping with age, and there was no statistical difference in the test results of the youth and middle age groups compared with the preoperative group, among which, the efficiency of the number cancellation test was significantly better than that before operation in the youth group (P < 0.05). However, in the elderly patients the number cancellation efficiency, number connection test and board test were significantly inferior to that before operation (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the accuracy of number cancellation compared with that before operation. The patients who needed the third test in the elder group were significantly more than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the preoperative results, there was no statistical difference in the test results of those who completed the third test.@*CONCLUSION@#The psychomotility function of the patients who underwent painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy was recovered when they met discharge criteria. The elderly patients had a prolonged recovery period.

Risk factors for complications of endoscopic full-thickness resection of upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To analyze the risk factors for complications of endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) of upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors (SMTs). Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. The indications for EFTR included: (1) SMTs originating from the muscularis propria layer and growing out of the cavity or infiltrating the deep part of the muscularis propria layer; (2) SMTs diameter <5 cm; and (3) tumor identified as closely adherent to the serous layer during endoscopic submucosal dissection or endoscopic mucosal resection. This study included patients with SMTs originating from the muscularis propria layer in upper digestive tract, diagnosed preoperatively by endoscopic ultrasonography or computed tomography, who were successfully treated with EFTR. Those with incomplete clinical data were excluded. The clinical data of 154 patients with upper gastrointestinal SMTs who underwent EFTR at the Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2016 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Post-EFTR complications (such as delayed perforation, delayed bleeding, and postoperative infection, including electrocoagulation syndrome) were monitored and the risk factors for them were analyzed. Results: Among the 154 study patients, 33 (21.4%) developed complications, including delayed bleeding in three (1.9%), delayed perforation in two (1.3%), and postoperative infection in 28 (18.2%). One patient with bleeding was classified as having a major complication (hospitalized for more than 10 days because of complication). According to univariate analysis, complication was associated with tumor diameter >15 mm, operation time >90 minutes, defect closure method(purse string suture), and diameter of resected specimen ≥20 mm (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that operation time >90 minutes (OR=6.252, 95%CI: 2.530-15.446, P<0.001) and tumor diameter >15 mm (OR=4.843, 95%CI: 1.985-11.817, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for complications after EFTR in patients with upper gastrointestinal SMTs. The independent risk factors for postoperative infection in these patients were operation time>90 minutes (OR=4.993, 95%CI:1.964-12.694, P=0.001) and purse string suture (OR=7.142, 95%CI: 1.953-26.123, P=0.003). Conclusion: Patients with upper gastrointestinal SMTs undergoing EFTR with tumor diameter >15 mm or operation time >90 minutes have a significantly increased risk of postoperative complications. Postoperative monitoring is important for these patients with SMTs.

Physicians' behavior regarding non-acceptance of oral restriction (nil per os) by dysphagic patient with risk of laryngotracheal aspiration / Comportamento do médico diante da não aceitação de restrição da via oral pelo paciente disfágico com risco de aspiração laringotraqueal

ABSTRACT Objective: To define physician´s behavior in the face of a mentally capable elderly dysphagic patients at risk of pulmonary aspiration, who do not accept oral restriction. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study, presenting a clinical case of an independent elderly with clinical complaints of dysphagia and laryngotracheal aspiration by flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing who rejected the proposal to restrict oral diet. A questionnaire about the patient's decision-making process was used to assess whether the physician was sympathetic and justify their answer, and if they are aware of hierarchy of ethical principles (recognition of the person´s value, autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence and justice), in the decision-making process, and which was the main principle that guided their decision. Results: One hundred participants were classified by time since graduation as Group I (less than 10 years) and Group II (more than 10 years). Of them, 60% agreed with the patient's decision, with no difference between the groups. The main reason was autonomy of patients, in both groups. Among those who were not sympathetic, the main argument was beneficence and nonmaleficence, considering the risk between benefit and harm. As to awareness about the hierarchy of principles, we did not find differences between the groups. Autonomy was the principle that guided those who were sympathetic with the patient's decision, and justice among those who didnot agree. Conclusion: Physicians were sympathetic with the patient's decision regarding autonomy, despite the balance between risks of beneficence and nonmaleficence, including death. We propose to formalize a non-compliance term.

RESUMO Objetivo: Definir o comportamento médico diante de paciente idoso disfágico com risco de aspiração laringotraqueal e mentalmente capaz que não aceita a restrição da via oral. Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal. Apresentamos um caso clínico de idoso, que vive independente, com queixas clínicas e videoendoscopia da deglutição comprovando disfagia e aspiração, que recusou a proposta de restrição da via oral. Um questionário foi aplicado sobre o processo de decisão do paciente, procurando avaliar se o médico torna-se solidário, e que justifique sua resposta, e se tem ciência da hierarquia dos princípios éticos (reconhecimento do valor da pessoa, autonomia, beneficência, não maleficência e justiça), no processo de decisão e qual o principal princípio que norteia sua decisão. Resultados: Cem participantes foram classificados por tempo de formados em Grupo I (até 10 anos) e Grupo II (mais de 10 anos). Deles 60% tornaram-se solidários à decisão do paciente, sem diferença entre os grupos. O principal argumento foi a autonomia do paciente nos dois grupos. Entre os não solidários, foi o binômio beneficência e não maleficência, e o balanço do risco/benefício e malefício. Considerando a ciência sobre a hierarquia dos princípios que regem a decisão, não encontramos diferença entre eles. A autonomia foi o principal princípio na decisão entre os solidários e a justiça entre os não solidários. Conclusão: O médico foi solidário à decisão do paciente em respeito à sua autonomia, apesar dos riscos ponderados da beneficência e da maleficência, inclusive de morte. Propomos o termo de recusa de conduta formalizada.

The role of high sensitive C-reactive protein and histopathological evaluation in chronic gastritis patients with or without Helicobacter pylori infection

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in chronic gastritis patients to predict Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, inflammatory activity, and precancerous lesions. Methods: A total of 811 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and histopathological diagnosis of chronic gastritis were enrolled in the study. On endoscopy, five gastric biopsies were taken according to Modified Sydney protocol, which were stained with hematoxylin & eosin and Giemsa Results: HP infection was found in 28.6% of patients, being significantly more common in specimens with acute and chronic inflammatory activity. Mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia were found in 20.2%, 18.8% and 2.7% of biopsy specimens. Mean hs-CRP was 1.9±1.6 mg/dl for males and 2.2±1.9 mg/dl for females. hs-CRP average were significantly higher in patients with severe acute inflammation (p:0.049), in patients with severe chronic inflammation (p:0.015) and in those with HP (p: 0.001) . The severity of HP infection increased significantly with the increased degree of acute inflammation, chronic inflammation and hs-CRP level (p=0.001 for both). Conclusion: Serum hs-CRP level increases in patients with chronic gastritis, it could be an indicator of severity of acute or chronic mucosal inflammation, and presence of HP infection. Therefore, hs-CRP may aid the diagnosis of chronic gastritis, but it is not associated with pre-cancerous lesions.

Gastropatía hipertrófica por IgG4: reporte del primer caso en Chile / IgG4 related hypertrophic gastropathy: report of one case

IgG4 related disease is a systemic autoimmune disease, which can affect different organs. The most common digestive manifestation is autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), followed by involvement of bile ducts and the major papilla. The stomach is only rarely involved. We report a 71-year-old diabetic woman consulting for jaundice and weight loss. Abdominal CAT scan, cholangio resonance imaging, endosonography and a serum IgG4 of five times the normal value, lead to the diagnosis of an autoimmune pancreatitis. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a diffuse thickening of gastric folds. The pathological study confirmed the presence of IgG4 positive plasma cells. The patient was successfully treated with steroids.

Comparação entre os achados endoscópicos e o diagnóstico histológico de gastrite antral. Arq Gastroenterol / Comparison between the endoscopic findings and the histological diagnosis of antral gastrites

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Gastritis is a very common disorder that is widely distributed worldwide, representing one of the most prevalent pathological entities in Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the correlation between the endoscopic findings and the histological diagnosis of antral gastritis. METHODS: In this study, 92 reports of upper digestive endoscopy were performed between November 2014 and January 2015, including biopsy of the antral gastric mucosa, comparing the endoscopic and histological findings, which were classified according to the Sidney System. The 92 exams included 35 men and 57 women, ranging in age from 15 to 84 years. The most frequent indication was epigastric pain. RESULTS: Of the 92 examinations analyzed, the histological diagnosis of antral gastritis appeared in 75 exams, 59 endoscopic reports contained the diagnosis of antral gastritis, and 33 endoscopic findings were normal. The kappa coefficient was 0.212 (P<0.05), indicating that there was no significant agreement between the endoscopic findings and the histological diagnosis of antral gastritis. CONCLUSION: We conclude that histology represents the gold standard method for the diagnosis of antral gastritis and that in daily clinical practice, biopsies should always be performed, regardless of the endoscopic findings.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: Gastrite é uma afecção muito comum, de larga distribuição mundial, representando uma das entidades patológicas mais prevalentes em Gastroenterologia e Endoscopia Digestiva. OBJETIVO: Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a correlação entre os achados endoscópicos e o diagnóstico histológico de gastrite antral. MÉTODOS: Nesse estudo, foram analisados 92 laudos de endoscopia digestiva alta, realizados entre novembro de 2014 e janeiro de 2015, que continham biópsia de mucosa gástrica antral, comparando-se os achados endoscópicos e histológicos, que foram classificados segundo o Sistema Sidney. Os 92 exames analisados englobaram 35 homens e 57 mulheres, com idade variando entre 15 e 84 anos. A indicação mais frequente foi epigastralgia. RESULTADOS: Dentre os 92 exames analisados, o diagnóstico histológico de gastrite antral apareceu em 75 exames, sendo que 59 laudos endoscópicos continham o diagnóstico de gastrite antral e 33 laudos endoscópicos foram normais. O coeficiente kappa foi 0,212 com P<0,05, mostrando que não há concordância significativa entre os achados endoscópicos e o diagnóstico histológico de gastrite antral. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que a histologia representa o método padrão-ouro para o diagnóstico de gastrite antral, e que na prática clínica diária, biópsias devem ser sempre realizadas, independente dos achados endoscópicos.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children: a single center study at Tertiary hospital Iran / Gastrostomía percutánea en niños: reporte de un hospital terciario de Iran

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate complications after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy among children who underwent percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in Nemazee hospital. Materials and methods: All children who underwent percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy were included in the current study. Place of the study was department of pediatric gastroenterology of Nemazee children hospital of Shiraz university of medical sciences. Duration of the study was 5 year starting from 2008. All drugs such as aspirin, NSAIDS, and heparin were discontinued 1-7 days before procedures. All patients were kept NPO 6-8 hours before procedure according to the age. Single dose antibiotic was prescribed for all cases before procedure. During procedure, all patients were sedated using propofol and or midazolam. Some patients required intubation. Results: Of 39 cases who underwent PEG, 4 (10.2%) patients showed complication. The most common indication for PEG insertion were neurologic problem (84.6%) and metabolic disease (10.2%). Of our patients, 84.6% of the cases had the weight below third percentile. Conclusion: The most common indication for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was cerebral palsy. The complication rate in our study was 10.2%. Celulitis was the most common complication

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las complicaciones luego de una gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea (PEG) en niños realizada en el hospital Nemazee. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron al estudio todos los niños que se realizaron PEG en el hospital. El lugar del estudio fue el departamento de gastroenterología pediátrica del Hospital para niños Nemazee de la Universidad Shiraz de ciencias médicas. La duración del estudio fue cinco años, iniciando en el año 2008. Todas las drogas como aspirina, AINES y heparina fueron suspendidas entre 1 a 7 días previos al procedimiento. Todos los pacientes estuvieron entre 6 a 8 horas del examen en ayunas dependiendo de la edad. Se prescribió una dosis de antibioterapia profiláctica en todos los casos previo al procedimiento. Durante el procedimiento, todos los pacientes fueron sedados usando propofol y/o midazolam. Algunos pacientes necesitaron intubación. Resultados: De 39 casos que se sometieron a PEG, 4 (10,2%) tuvieron alguna complicación. La indicación más frecuente de PEG fueron los problemas neurológicos (84,6%) y luego las enfermedades metabólicas (10,2%). De nuestros pacientes, 84,6% de los casos estuvieron por debajo del tercer percentile. Conclusión: La indicación más común de gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea fue la parálisis cerebral. La tasa de complicación en nuestro estudio fue 10,2%. La celulitis fue la complicación más común

Endoscopic gastrostomy: critical analysis in a regional referral hospital / Gastrostomía endoscópica: análisis crítico en un hospital referencial regional

Introduction: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a safe and effective endoscopic surgical procedure for enteral access and gastrointestinal decompression, and it is an excellent alternative to surgical gastrostomy. There are various clinical indications and these mainly include the need for prolonged enteral nutritional support due to complications from neurological, geriatric and oncological diseases and decompression of the gastrointestinal tract. Although safe and effective, a number of possible complications relating to the time (early or late complications) and severity (minor or major complications) may occur. Objective: To evaluate the indications and complications relating to PEG among selected patients at the digestive endoscopy service of a regional referral hospital. Materials and methods: A retrospective study on patients who underwent PEG between May 2013 and April 2015 was conducted. The patients were identified through searching the medical records and using a standardized data form. Results: 53 cases were analyzed. The average age was 70.47 years and 60.37% of the patients were women. The main indication identified was the need for enteral nutritional support, and 73.58% of these indications were derived from neurological complications, 15.09% from geriatric complications and 9.43% from oncological complications and 1.88% were due to gastrointestinal decompression. Complications occurred in 24.52% of the cases: 23.07% were major and 76.93% were minor. Regarding the time, there were eight cases of late complications and five of early complications. Conclusion: PEG was shown to be an effective and safe method for enteral access. The indication and complication rates were similar to those reported in the literature.

Introducción: La gastrostomía endoscópica percutânea (GEP) es un procedimento endoscópico-quirúrgico seguro y efectivo para el acceso enteral y para la descompresión gastrointestinal, constituyéndose como una excelente alternativa a la gastrostomía quirúrgica. Las indicaciones clínicas son variadas y comprenden principalmente: necesidad de soporte nutricional enteral prolongado por complicaciones de las enfermedades neurológicas, geriátricas y oncológicas, así como la descompresión del tracto gastrointestinal. Aunque es segura y eficaz, se puede producir una serie de posibles complicaciones relacionadas al momento (precoz temprano o tardío) de la realización del procedimiento y a la gravedad (mayor o menor). Objetivo: Evaluar las indicaciones y complicaciones relacionadas a la realización de la GEP en pacientes seleccionados de un sector de endoscopia digestiva de un hospital regional de referencias. Materiales y métodos: Fue realizado un estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes sometidos a la GEP en el periodo de mayo de 2013 a abril de 2015. Los pacientes fueron identificados a partir de la investigación de los registros y formulario estándar de datos. Resultados: Fueron analizados 53 casos. La edad media fue de 70,47 años con un 60,37% del sexo femenino. La indicación principal verificada fue la necesidad de soporte nutricional enteral, siendo 73,58% por complicaciones neurológicas, 15,09% geriátricas, 9,43% oncológicas; y 1,88% de las indicaciones fueron para descomprensión gastrointestinal. Ocurrieron complicaciones en 24,52% de los pacientes: 23,07% mayores y 76,93% menores. En relación al momento, fueron verificados ocho casos de complicaciones tardías y cinco de complicaciones precoces (tempranas). Conclusión: La GEP se mostró como un método eficaz y seguro para el acceso enteral. Los índices de complicación fueron semejantes a los datos evidenciados en la literatura.

Embolismo pulmonar después de obturación de várices gástricas con N-butil-2-cianoacrilato / Pulmonary embolism after endoscopic injection with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate for gastric varices

Las várices gástricas están presentes en cerca de un tercio de los pacientes con hipertensión portal y el sangrado de las mismas representa una causa significativa de mortalidad. El tratamiento de primera línea es la obturación con N-butil-2-cianoacrilato, que si bien es seguro no está libre de complicaciones. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 61 años de edad con antecedente de cirrosis criptogénica que se presentó a la consulta febril, taquicárdico e hipoxémico después de la obturación endoscópica con N-butil-2-cianoacrilato. Las imágenes mostraron embolia pulmonar bilateral del material obturante. El objetivo de este trabajo es destacar las manifestaciones clínicas y las imágenes de esta situación para ayudar a su diagnóstico precoz y diferenciarla de otras entidades que requieren un tratamiento específico.

Gastric varices occur in one-third of patients with portal hypertension. Bleeding from gastric varices remains a significant cause of death. Currently the first-line of treatment for gastric varices is endoscopic obliteration with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. Though relatively safe, this option has several well-known complications. We report the case of a 61-year-old male patient with cryptogenic cirrhosis, who presented with fever, tachycardia and hypoxemia after endoscopic obliteration with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. Radiographic findings were consistent with pulmonary embolism of the sclerosing substance. The aim of this case report is to emphasize the clinical and radiological findings of this complication in order to distinguish it from other similar medical conditions and prevent a delay in diagnosis.

Expanding Indications of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer: Hope or Hype?

No abstract available.

Expanding Indications of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer: Hope or Hype?

No abstract available.

Clinical Outcomes of the Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Early Gastric Cancer Are Comparable between Absolute and New Expanded Criteria

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Advances in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) techniques have led to the development of expanded criteria for endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer (EGC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes for ESD using indication criteria. METHODS: A total of 1,105 patients underwent ESD for EGC at six medical centers. The patients were classified into the following two groups based on the lesion size, presence of ulceration and pathological review: an absolute criteria group (n=517) and an expanded criteria group (n=588). RESULTS: The curative resection rates (91.1% vs 91.3%, p=0.896) were similar in the absolute criteria group and the expanded criteria group. The en bloc resection rates (93.4% and 92.3%, respectively; p=0.488) and complete resection rates (98.3% and 97.4%, respectively; p=0.357) did not differ between the groups. The cumulative disease-free survival rates and the overall survival rates were similar between the groups (p=0.778 and p=0.654, respectively). Independent factors for the curative resection of EGC included tumor location (upper vs middle and lower, 2.632 [1.128-6.144] vs 3.497 [1.560-7.842], respectively) and en bloc resection rate 12.576 [7.442-21.250]. CONCLUSIONS: The expanded criteria for ESD in cases of EGC is comparable with the widely accepted pre-existing criteria.

Clinical Outcomes of the Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Early Gastric Cancer Are Comparable between Absolute and New Expanded Criteria

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Advances in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) techniques have led to the development of expanded criteria for endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer (EGC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes for ESD using indication criteria. METHODS: A total of 1,105 patients underwent ESD for EGC at six medical centers. The patients were classified into the following two groups based on the lesion size, presence of ulceration and pathological review: an absolute criteria group (n=517) and an expanded criteria group (n=588). RESULTS: The curative resection rates (91.1% vs 91.3%, p=0.896) were similar in the absolute criteria group and the expanded criteria group. The en bloc resection rates (93.4% and 92.3%, respectively; p=0.488) and complete resection rates (98.3% and 97.4%, respectively; p=0.357) did not differ between the groups. The cumulative disease-free survival rates and the overall survival rates were similar between the groups (p=0.778 and p=0.654, respectively). Independent factors for the curative resection of EGC included tumor location (upper vs middle and lower, 2.632 [1.128-6.144] vs 3.497 [1.560-7.842], respectively) and en bloc resection rate 12.576 [7.442-21.250]. CONCLUSIONS: The expanded criteria for ESD in cases of EGC is comparable with the widely accepted pre-existing criteria.

Manejo endoscópico de la ictericia obstructiva / Endoscopic management of obstructive jaundice

Since the first choledochotomy was practiced successfully on May 9, 1889 by the English surgeon Knowsley Thornton in London,85 years have passed for the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography to take the leading role as the first alternative in the attempted resolution for obstructive jaundice. Moreover, together with the endosonography these techniques achieve significant success rates in restoring drainage obstructed bile duct, which has led to a significant drop in surgical volume; all triggered by the expansion of technological development that offers new equipment as well as new tools for diagnosis and treatment of the formerly called “surgical jaundice”.

Desde que la primera coledocotomía con éxito fuera practicada el 9 de mayo de 1889 por el cirujano inglés Knowsley Thorton en Londres, debieron transcurrir 85 años para que la colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica tomara el rol preponderante que actualmente ostenta como la primera alternativa en el intento de resolución de la ictericia obstructiva. Además, junto con la endosonografía logran importantes porcentajes de éxito en restablecer el drenaje de la vía biliar obstruida, lo que ha conllevado a una importante baja del volumen quirúrgico; todo catapultado por la expansión del desarrollo tecnológico que pone a disposición nuevos equipos como también nuevos instrumentos tanto para el diagnóstico como el tratamiento de la antiguamente llamada “ictericia quirúrgica”.

Endoscopy-Guided Balloon Dilation of Benign Anastomotic Strictures after Radical Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of endoscopic dilation for benign anastomotic stricture after radical gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients. METHODS: Gastric cancer patients who underwent endoscopic balloon dilation for benign anastomosis stricture after radical gastrectomy during a 6-year period were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients developed benign strictures at the site of anastomosis. The majority of strictures occurred within 1 year after surgery (95.2%). The median duration to stenosis after surgery was 1.70 months (range, 0.17 to 23.97 months). The success rate of the first endoscopic dilation was 61.9%. Between the restenosis group (n=8) and the no restenosis group (n=13), there were no significant differences in the body mass index (22.82 kg/m2 vs 22.46 kg/m2), interval to symptom onset (73.9 days vs 109.3 days), interval to treatment (84.6 days vs 115.6 days), maximal balloon diameter (14.12 mm vs 15.62 mm), number of balloon dilation sessions (1.75 vs 1.31), location of gastric cancer or type of surgery. One patient required surgery because of stricture refractory to repeated dilation. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic dilation is a highly effective treatment for benign anastomotic strictures after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer and should be considered a primary intervention prior to proceeding with surgical revision.

Treatment Outcome for Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma according to Helicobacter pylori Infection Status: A Single-Center Experience

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy has been used as a first-line treatment for H. pylori-positive gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. However, the management strategy for H. pylori-negative MALT lymphoma remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the success rate of each treatment option for H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphomas. METHODS: In total, 57 patients with gastric MALT lymphoma diagnosed between December 2000 and June 2012 were enrolled in the study. The treatment responses were compared between H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphomas. RESULTS: Of the 57 patients, 43 (75%) had H. pylori infection. Forty-eight patients received H. pylori eradication as a first-line treatment, and complete remission was achieved in 31 of the 39 patients (80%) with H. pylori-positive MALT lymphoma and in five (56%) of the nine patients with H. pylori-negative MALT lymphoma; no significant difference was observed between the groups (p=0.135). The other treatment modalities, including radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery, were effective irrespective of H. pylori infection status, with no significant difference in the treatment response between H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative MALT lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori eradication therapy may be considered as a first-line treatment regardless of H. pylori infection status.

Acute inflammatory response to transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery peritoneoscopy: An experimental study in swine

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of transgastric peritoneal access on plasma biomarkers of acute inflammatory response in comparison to laparoscopy. METHODS: This was a prospective and comparative study in a porcine model. Transgastric peritoneal access performed by natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery was compared with laparoscopy. Laparotomy and sham groups were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Thirty-four pigs were assigned to receive transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (n = 12), laparoscopy (n = 8), laparotomy (n = 8) or a sham procedure involving only anesthesia (n = 6). In the natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery group, peritoneoscopy was performed with a gastroscope via transgastric access. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 1, 3, 6, 9 and 24 h after the surgical procedure for measurement of interleukins 1β, 6 and 10 and tumor necrosis factor-α. A complete blood count was performed, and C-reactive protein levels were measured at baseline and at 24 h. RESULTS: All surgical and endoscopic procedures were performed without major complications. Peritoneal cavity inventory showed no signs of peritonitis in any animal. Interleukin 1β, interleukin 10 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were below the threshold of detection. The mean level of interleukin 6 was statistically significantly higher in the laparotomy group than in the other groups (p<0.05), with no significant differences among the sham, laparoscopy and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery groups (p>0.05). C-reactive protein analysis indicated significant increases in all groups, with no differences among the groups. Complete blood count analysis showed no differences among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the observed interleukin 6 patterns, the systemic inflammatory response resulting from transgastric ...